четверг, 29 декабря 2011 г.

History of Bentley

Walter Owen Bentley (Walter Owen Bentley) was known long before they built their famous cars. He began his career as a representative in England, a little-known French firm TPA (DFP). For the first time on Bentley's talking, when he started producing aluminum pistons, and then the star of aircraft engines.
His first car with four-cylinder 3-liter engine developed by Bentley and colleagues Bardzhesom F. (F. T. Burgess) and Henry Varley (Henry Varley), and in August 1919 registered car dealer in its own name. That fall, the model shown at the London Motor Show, but only after two years were able to start production of the first car, which was given an unprecedented guarantee in 5 years.
The first-born, called simply "3-liter" ("3 L"), produced virtually unchanged until 1929, and equip various bodies of which was dominated by outdoor sports. In 1925 he added a new, externally very similar to the "3-liter", a model of "Big Six" (Big Six) with 6-cylinder engine cylinder capacity of 6597 cm3 capacity of 147 hp at 3000 rev / min.
In 1927, Bentley returned to his first model, the "3-liter" by increasing the working volume of the engine to 4.5 liters. In 1930 this engine equipped Styles rotary volumetric supercharger "Ruta" (Roots). The new model "4.5 liters" produced at the company, headed by Henry Bir-kin (Henry Birkin), former racing driver and one of the regular customers, "Bentley." This car was in those years one of the most powerful and fast, and brought "Bentley" a great reputation.
In the years 1928-1930 were collected in small numbers model "6.5 liters" ("6,5 L") in the form "Speed ​​Six" (Speed ​​Six) with engine capacity of 180-200 hp The model is legendary, having won nine 3-year awards (won twice at Le Mans and three times - in Bruklende).
The most expensive and prestigious model has "8 l" ("8 L"), emerged from the workshop in Kriklvude at the end of 1930. It establishes the most luxurious and expensive private body. Bentley's more interested in sports and racing car constructor which brought many top awards in prestigious competitions. Five times (1924, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1930) cars, "Bentley" won in the 24-hour race in the French city of Le Mans. Three times in a row (in 1928-1930) they won racer Wolf Bar-nato (Woolf Barnato), and in 1929, "Bentley" won all the prizes. By the way, Barnato firm "Bentley" must not only athletic success. He was not just a racer, and a very rich man and philanthropist. Only thanks to Wolf Barnato "Bentley" could easily survive a difficult 1929.
During the crisis in 1931, after negotiations with the firm "Nepir" (Napier), the new owner of "Bentley" suddenly became known to everyone, "Rolls Royce" (Rolls-Royce). Thus began a new chapter in the history of the "Bentley", which, losing independence, to this day retains its high reputation.
The first "Bentley", born within the walls of the "Rolls Royce" in the Derby in 1933, became the model of "3.5 liters" ("3,5 L"), advertised as the "silent sports car." She had a 6-cylinder-engine lindrovy volume 3669 cm3, which allowed to reach speeds over 150 km / h. In 1936, the options have been built "4.5 liters" ("4,5 L"). The basis for these models have served as the "Rolls-Royce 20/25NR" and "25/ZONR."
First car "Bentley", made at the "Rolls Royce" in Crewe, has become a "Mark-VI" ("Mk-VI"), launched in production a few months after the end of World War II. In its in-line 6-cylinder engine cylinder capacity of 4257 cm3 lateral camshaft cams directly pushing the vent and intake system cited tappets and rocker arms. The base model was the "Rolls-Royce Silver Raith" (Silver Wraith). In 1951, the last specimens of this series of motors supplied with the volume of 4566 cm3.
In 1955 he was presented a series of "S", had demonstrated the final technical convergence "Rolls Royce" and "Bentley". Model "Bentley S-1" was a copy of the "Rolls-Royce Silver Raith," and was equipped with a 6-cylinder 4.9-firewood-liter engine and automatic transmission. In 1960, after the "Rolls-Royce Silver Cloud" (Silver Cloud) to "Bentley S-2" appeared V8 engine capacity of 6230 cm3. Behind him in 1962, followed by "Bentley S-3", similar to the "Rolls-Royce Silver Cloud-I." Only priority "Bentley" were in those days Coupe "Continental" (Continental), not applied to "Rolls-Royce." Sedan "Bentley-T" 1965 was a simplified implementation of the "Rolls-Royce Silver Shadow" (Silver Shadow).
The modern program "Bentley" was formed about 20 years. In 1980 appeared her first-born - a model of "Mal-sann" (Mulsanne) with a V8 engine capacity of 6750 cm3. After 2 years, saw the light of 300-horsepower turbocharged version, and a couple of years - a simplified rendition of "Eight" (Eight). Other models were born on the basis of 'Project 90' that will release in the 90's range unified "Bentley" with different bodywork and a specific look, to distinguish it from similar models of the "Rolls Royce".
Today on "Bentley" almost manually collect 5 models on the chassis "Rolls Royce" in the V8 engine cylinder capacity of 6750 cm3 and a turbocharged 4-speed automatic transmission, an American production.